Tag Archives: religion

Mawlid an-Nabi: The Ibadi Perspective.

“We sent thee not, but as a Mercy for all creatures.” (Quran 21:107)

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The Mufti of Oman, Shaykh Ahmed Al Khalili (H) has informed us:

Celebrating the birth of the Prophet ﷺ was not practiced during the time of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), nor during the time of the Successors (tābi‘īn), nor during the time of the successors of the Successors (atbā‘ al-tābi‘īn). Most likely, this celebration began during the era of the Fatimids. It is said that their intention behind this celebration was to deflect accusations that they were not truly Muslims. There is much discussion about the Fatimids—some even refer to them as the “ʿUbaydīs”—though they attributed themselves to Fāṭimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and thus were called “Fāṭimids.” Yet, many exaggerations surrounding them go so far as to take them outside the fold of Islam. For example, some said about al-Muʿizz al-Fāṭimī: “Whatever you will happens, not what fate decrees; you rule, for you are the One, the Subduer.” This is evidence that those people were far from Islam and from the oneness of Allah, as this is deification of human beings.

They were the first to introduce the celebration, and Muslims later adopted it from them. Perhaps the desire to celebrate the Prophet’s birthday was in order to remind people of this great blessing—the blessing of Allah sending His Messenger ﷺ to us. However, we must consider several important factors. Among these is that people, in commemorating the Prophet’s birth, have attributed sanctity to human-authored texts recounting the story of the noble birth. They came to revere such writings as if they were the Qur’an itself, and this is impermissible. Nothing is sacred except the words of Allah. As for the words of the Prophet ﷺ, when we read them, it is for the sake of deriving benefit and guidance; reading them in itself is not an act of worship. If someone who does not understand the Prophet’s words were to recite them thinking it was an act of devotion, it would not count as worship—unlike the Qur’an, whose recitation is worship whether one understands it or not.

Therefore, attributing sacredness to anything other than the words of Allah is problematic. If the celebration is meant to remind people of this great blessing, then one should not be bound to a single text authored by a person centuries ago as though it were a chapter of the Qur’an. Rather, the occasion can be connected to present-day circumstances—what the community needs to draw from this remembrance, such as reviving the call to Islam and renewing the message. This can be done by giving lectures, enlightening people about this blessing, and renewing the spirit of the message according to the needs of the time.

At the same time, all that contradicts the Sharīʿah in such celebrations must be avoided. Gatherings involving drums, dancing by men and women, and similar practices are contrary to Islamic teachings. These must be avoided. Likewise, the extravagant spending of large amounts of money on such occasions does not please the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. These funds would be better spent on things that benefit the Muslim community. Excessive decoration and lavish displays are also not a proper way of honoring the Prophet. These are matters that must be carefully avoided.

So there is no need for people to try and justify this practice to the people on the basis of what the early generation did or what the Blessed Prophet (saw) ordered us to do.

If people celebrate to remember the blessings of the Blessed Prophet (saw), by giving lectures etc then this is not something in our estimation that is totally forbidden.

Celebrating the birth of the Blessed Prophet (saw) with speech, and poems has become ‘urf (culture/custom). -it does not violate Islamic Principles.

We do not believe such celebrations should be done with haram music, dancing or free mixing. This time is used to send abundant blessings down upon the Blessed Prophet (saw) and used as a time to reflect on rather or not we become the beloved of Allah (swt) by following the beloved of Allah (swt).

Celebrating the birth of our noble Prophet (saw) Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If you ˹sincerely˺ love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins. For Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Qur’an 3:31)

Often in Oman, Sunni and Ibadi come together to celebrate the Maulid

“Indeed, in the Messenger of Allah you have an excellent example for whoever has hope in Allah and the Last Day, and remembers Allah often.” (Qur’an 33:21)

Some of the justifications that we use to allow the practice are as follows:

“And as for the blessings of your Lord, speak of them” (Qur’an 93:11)

Is not the birth of the Blessed Prophet (saw) a blessing to humanity? It heralds the arrival of Allah’s beloved.

It is a way to convey the message of Muhammed (saw).

It is a way to send blessings and peace upon him.

A way to adhere to his love and follow what he (saw) brought.

This entry is quite short because it is not a hair splitting issue for us. Our scholars are very clear that we do not have records of the early generations celebrating this. This is something from ‘urf that the people love to do out of their burning love for Allah’s beloved.

Those who do not participate are not looked down upon. Those who wish to participate are received warmly.

You may be interested in the following entries:

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

May Allah send his choicest blessings upon our Noble Prophet (saw).

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Ramadan Day 25

“Tell believing men to lower their gaze and guard their private parts. That is purer for them. God is acquainted with what they do.” (Qur’an 24:30)

“And do not spy, nor backbite one another. Would any of you like to eat the flesh of their dead brother? You would despise that! And fear Allah. Surely Allah is ˹the˺ Accepter of Repentance, Most Merciful.” (Qur’an 49:12)

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Ramadan Day 25: The two that lead to hellfire: The private parts and the tongue.

25th of Ramadan*
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*Heart Illness: Hypocrisy*
Allah and his messenger have described hypocrites for us so that we can avoid being like them, here are some attributes extracted from the Qur’an and the Sunnah:

Disloyalty: and it’s the opposite of trustworthiness, it can be in covenants, wealth, responsibilities and others.
Lying: starting from light lies until lying becomes a habit for the hypocrite.
Betrayal: the hypocrite will try to find anyway to betray.
Immorality: making no difference between a Haram and a Halal due to the lack of faith.
Laziness in worship: Allah says about them: (“And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily, showing [themselves to] the people and not remembering Allah except a little.” (Qur’an 4:142))
Over-caring about looks: Allah said:

“When you see them, their appearance impresses you. And when they speak, you listen to their ˹impressive˺ speech. But they are ˹just˺ like ˹worthless˺ planks of wood leaned ˹against a wall’ (Qur’an 63:4)
Deception: Allah said:

“They seek to deceive Allah and the believers, yet they only deceive themselves, but they fail to perceive it.” (Qur’an 2:9)
Corruption: Allah says:

“And when it is said to them, Do not cause corruption on the earth, they say, We are but reformers.” (Qur’an 2:11)

*Walayah and Bara’ah of Jumlah and Haqiqah*
We spoke about Walayah and Bara’ah previously, now we will know some types of walayah and bara’ah.

Firstly, “Jumlah” meaning “as a whole” and it’s an obligation for every Muslim, it’s to (ally all the allies of Allah from the past and the present until the day of judgment, and to dissociate from all the enemies of Allah in the past, present and until the day of judgment)

The other type we will mention today is Haqiqah, and it’s to ally and dissociate based on certain texts, like to ally the wife of Fir’aun, Maryam the mother of Isa (as), the messengers etc,
and dissociate from people like Abu Lahab, the wife of Nuh and Lut
because these people are mentioned in the Qur’an for their righteousness or misery

To read more you may wish to read:

*Things allowed in prayer*
from the things that are allowed in the prayer are:
To open the next verse for the Imam if he forgets
To say SubhanAllah for the Imam if he made a mistake in the prayer
To cry for the matters of the hereafter
Light movement to fix the prayer
To stop people from walking In front of you
Killing the snake and the scorpion and other harmful things
To save souls or wealth from destruction
To carry a child and to quite him
To swallow the saliva or spit the saliva.

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

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Sunni historical books mock Abu Hanifa & Imam Ahmad (while pretending to mock other beliefs).

“O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule other people; perhaps they may be better than them, nor let women ridicule other women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not insult one another and do not call each other by offensive nicknames. Wretched is the name of disobedience after one’s faith. And whoever does not repent – then it is those who are the wrongdoers.” (Qur’an 49:11)

“Allah will throw their mockery back at them, leaving them to continue wandering blindly in their defiance.” (Qur’an 2:15)

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SUNNI HISTORICAL BOOKS MOCK ABU HANIFA AND IMAM AHMAD. (while pretending to mock the belief of others).

Demonstrative evidence of how Sunni historical books mock Imam Abu Hanifa, and Imam Ahmed when attempting to misrepresent the beliefs and views of others.

Recently a brother was asking about reliable information in regards to the historical accounts of Muslims.

I replied by saying,
” walakum salaam wr wb, “reliable and fair ” that will be a challenge because every side will allege that the other is not being truthful.”

“What I can do is provide for you some sources and also suggest you read any sources that anyone suggests to you, and look for the inconsistencies, telltale signs of manipulation.”

When one side distorts the truth and relies upon fabled interactions between their group and the other it is nigh time to question what else they may be content to allow to be propagated in the name of ‘haqq’.

I’m going to give here and now demonstrable evidence of exactly how the misrepresentation of one group by another is done and how often it backfires and makes a mockery of the group who thought they were being clever, to begin with.

The first example is of Imam Abu Hanifa. Here is how the story goes:


“The Khawarij who based their thoughts on rebelling against the leader of the Muslims, accuse the sahaba -especially Abu Musa al-Ashari (ra) and Amr b As (ra)- with ‘committing kufr’ because they witnessed the hakam incident, they also oppressed the ulama among the tabi’in generation.”

“When Dahhak b Kays who is among the khawarij, came to Kufa, he visited Abu Hanifa and asked him to repent. Abu Hanifa asked him what he was supposed to make tawbah from.”

“Dahhak said: ‘Make tawbah from your view which you permit the referring (appointing) the issue of Ali and Muawiyah to the arbitrators for the peace (agreement).’ Abu Hanifa said:
‘Are you going to kill me or, just discuss with me?’ Dahhak said: ‘I am going to discuss it with you.’ Abu Hanifa said: ‘Who is going to be the arbitrator between us –if we come to an opposition- regarding the matter we are going to discuss?’ Dahhak said: ‘Appoint someone as an arbitrator as you wish.’ Therefore Abu Hanifa asked one among the companions of Dahhak: ‘Have a seat. You are going to be the arbitrator between us –if we come to the opposition- regarding the matter we are going to discuss.’ Then he turned to Dahhak and said:‘Do you accept him being an arbitrator between us?’ When Dahhak said: ‘Yes’ Abu Hanifah said:‘So you also accept (the permissibility of) appointing an arbitrator.’ Dahhak, who could not find anything to reply with, left the gathering and went away.”

Source: (Takýyyuddin b. Abdilkadir at-Tamimi, Tabaqatu’s-Saniyye fi Tarajmi’l-Hanafiyya, I, 151-2.)

Source: (The four Imams and their schools Gibril Fouad Haddad pg. 66)

Prima-Qur’an comments:

So here you are reading and quite impressed and saying, “Mash’Allah” Wow! Abu Hanifa was really a clever fellow, wasn’t he!

Actually, whoever narrated this fable should be ashamed of themselves for mocking Abu Hanifa. If this was an example of his debating skills it is at best the utmost mockery of Imam Abu Hanifa.

Why do I say this?

“‘Do you accept him being an arbitrator between us?’ When Dahhak said: ‘Yes’ Abu Hanifah said: ‘So you also accept (the permissibility of) appointing an arbitrator.’ “

This makes Imam Abu Hanifa as someone who is a complete ignoramus when it comes to the beliefs of the beliefs of the Muslims whom were in Narhawan. It is not that the people of Narhawan didn’t accept arbitration. It’s that they didn’t accept arbitration in a matter where Allah (swt) has given a clear ruling.

It is obviously one of the teachings of the Qur’an.

And if you fear dissension between the two, send an arbitrator from his people and an arbitrator from her people. If they both desire reconciliation, Allah will cause it between them. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Acquainted [with all things].” (Qur’an 4:35).

“O you who believe! Kill not game while in the sacred precincts or in pilgrim garb. If any of you does so intentionally, the compensation is an offering, brought to the Ka’ba, of a domestic animal equivalent to the one he killed, as adjuged by two just men among you; or by way of atonement, the feeding of the indigent; or its equivalent in fasts: that he may taste of the penalty of his deed. Allah forgives what is past: for repetition, Allah will exact from him the penalty. For Allah is Exalted, and Lord of Retribution.” (Qur’an 5:95)

So this is clearly what the people of Narhawan believed in. However, they did not believe in arbitration on a matter that is already decided by Allah! It’s not that they didn’t believe in arbitration at all. That’s a ridiculous misrepresentation and mockery of other people’s beliefs.

So what this narrative does is it makes Imam Abu Hanifa look extremely ignorant of the beliefs of his opponents. It’s a classic example.  Now I don’t expect you to embarrass the teachers at Sunniport, Ilmgate, Seekershub, Sunnipath, Eshaykh, or Livingislam or whomever else.

However, you could ask them in private if they could refer you to material written by those who disagreed with Ali’s arbitration and show you where it clearly states that they don’t believe in arbitration at all.

May Allah (swt) guide us to a course that is truthful and just.

May Allah (swt) open the eyes of this Ummah!

Or how about this juicy tale that totally misrepresents those of us who believe that the Qur’an is created.

Excerpt from “Foundations of the Sunnah” pg.93

Imam Ahmed Ibn Hanbal died 241H

“When I arose (the next morning) I made my way to the door (of al-Mu’tasim) and the people were entering, so I entered along with them. Al Mu’tasim approached and sat on his chair and said, “Bring Ahmed ibn Hanbal”, and so he was brought. When he stood in front of him, Al Mu’tasim said to him, “How were you in your cell yesterday, O Ahmad?”.

“Imam Ahmad said, “In goodness and alhamdulillah except that in my cell, O Ameerul Mumineen, I saw something amazing.” He said to him, “And what did you see?”. So he replied, “I arose in the middle of the night, performed ablution for the prayer, and prayed two rakah. In one rakah I recited Alhamdulillah….and Qul Authoo bi rabin naas, and in the second rakah I recited Alhamdulillah….and Qul authoo bi rabil Faalaq. Then I sat down, read the tashahud, and gave salutation (to my right and left)… and then I stood again, made the takbeer and recited Alhumdulillah …and then I desired to read: Qul huwallahu ahad, And I was not able to. I tried hard to read something else from the Quran and I was not able. Then I stretched my eyes to the corner of the prison and (behold) I saw the Quraan laid out on the floor, dead. So I washed it and shrouded it, then prayed over it and buried it.

“So Al Mu’tasim said, “Woe be to you, O Ahmed, and does the Quraan die!?”. So Ahmed said to him, “Well that is what you say – That is created. And everything created dies”. Al Mu’tasim said, “Ahmad has subdued us, Ahmad has subdued us”.

Prima-Qur’an comments. I really believe that our Ummah is not this gullible.

Now I don’t even know if this needs commenting because I can imagine that 99.9% of the readers understand how absolutely ridiculous this story makes Imam Ahmad out to be. It is an absolute mockery of him.

As for that .1% who may not know how we will explain now insh’Allah

“So Ahmed said to him, “Well that is what you say – That is created. And everything created dies.”

Really?

Rocks die? Minerals, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, diamonds die? How many funeral prayers have Imam Ahmad made over them? Obviously none.

So then you have Al Mu’tasim saying, “Al Mu’tasim said, “Ahmad has subdued us, Ahmad has subdued us”.

This is obviously a flat lie.

Are we expected that a great luminary of Islam subdued his opponent with such ridiculous antics?

Not only this but you are accusing Imam Ahmed of doing bid’ a!

Is there a single example from among the companions doing this? Do we have one example of the companions making the funeral prayer over minerals, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, diamonds, rocks, stones, etc.?

So these are just two examples in relation to the esteemed Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Ahmad in which they have these fabricated narratives that make it look like they are mocking other people’s beliefs when in reality it makes them both look either ignorant or downright foolish.

Certainly, Allah (swt) will deal justly with those who have redacted these statements, put them in the mouths of these Imams; and willfully misrepresented the beliefs of others.

This type of mockery and caricatures of Sunni Imams by Sunni Muslims in their own books while trying to misrepresent the views of others.

Do better! Fear Allah!

“Allah will throw their mockery back at them, leaving them to continue wandering blindly in their defiance.” (Qur’an 2:15)

“And now they reject the truth when it reaches them: but soon shall they learn the reality of what they used to mock at.” (Qur’an 6:5)

May Allah forgive the Ummah!

May Allah guide the Ummah!

 

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Does the Qur’an state that the majority are believers and grateful?

They built for him as many temples as he wished, and figures, basins like cisterns, and caldrons fixed [in the ground]. ‘O House of David, observe thanksgiving, and few of My servants are grateful.’ (Qur’an 34:13)

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Perhaps one of the more sobering reminders of the Qur’an is the fact that the believers are never described as being the vast majority or even the majority of people.

How or why you came to this blog is best known to Allah (swt). Perhaps you want to learn more about this particular school of Islam, or perhaps you just want to learn about Islam. You may even be a believer of some other faith and antagonistic to Islam. Yet, here you are.

To know that we are blind is itself a blessing. To be blind to our blindness is a calamity beyond measure.

“Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who has strayed from His way, and He is most knowing of who is guided” (Qur’an 16:125)

A few are those who believe.

David] said, “He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds – and few are they.” And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allah]. (Qur’an 38:24)

And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], “Do not worship except Allāh; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakāh.” Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing. (Qur’an 2:83)

When Saul marched forth with his army, he cautioned: “Allah will test you with a river. So whoever drinks ˹his fill˺ from it is not with me, and whoever does not taste it—except a sip from the hollow of his hands—is definitely with me.” They all drank ˹their fill˺ except for a few! When he and the ˹remaining˺ faithful with him crossed the river, they said, “Now we are no match for Goliath and his warriors.” But those ˹believers˺ who were certain they would meet Allah reasoned, “How many times has a small force vanquished a mighty army by the Will of Allah! And Allah is ˹always˺ with the steadfast.” (Qur’an 2:249)

Until, when Our command came and the oven overflowed1, We said, “Carry in it, of each kind, a male and female couple , and your family—except those against whom the sentence has already been passed—and those who have attained faith.” But none attained faith with him except a few. (Qur’an 11:40)

And [We cursed them] for their breaking of the covenant and their disbelief in the signs of Allah and their killing of the prophets without right and their saying, “Our hearts are wrapped”. Rather, Allah has sealed them because of their disbelief, so they believe not, except for a few. (Qur’an 4:155)

Most are ungrateful. Most are defiantly disobedient. Most are liars. Most of them do not know, are ignorant and do not believe.

Or ˹because˺ they say, “He is insane?” In fact, he has come to them with the truth, but most of them are resentful of the truth: (Qur’an 23:70)

You are the best nation produced [as an example] for mankind. You enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and believe in Allah. If only the People of the Scripture had believed, it would have been better for them. Among them are believers, but most of them are defiantly disobedient.  (Qur’an 3:110)

Have you ˹O Prophet˺ not seen those who fled their homes in the thousands for fear of death? Allah said to them, “Die!” then He gave them life. Surely Allah is ever Bountiful to humanity, but most people are ungrateful. (Qur’an 2:243)

They listen eagerly, but most of them are liars.(Qur’an 26:223)

And if you ask them who sends down rain from the sky, giving life to the earth after its death, they will surely say, “Allah!” Say, “Praise be to Allah!” In fact, most of them do not understand. (Qur’an 29:63)

Is it not that whenever they make a covenant, a group of them throws it away? In fact, most of them do not believe.” (Qur’an 2:100)

But verily thy Lord is full of grace to mankind: Yet most of them are ungrateful(Qur’an 27:73)

And We have not sent you except comprehensively to mankind as a bringer of good tidings and a warner. But most of the people do not know (Qur’an 34:28)

And even if We had sent down to them the angels [with the message] and the dead spoke to them [of it] and We gathered together every [created] thing in front of them, they would not believe unless Allah should will. But most of them, [of that], are ignorant. (Qur’an 6:111)

“Surely in this is a sign. Yet most of them would not believe.” (Qur’an 26:8)

And most of them believe not in Allah except that they attribute partners (unto Him). (Qur’an 12:106)

Do not be deceived by this life. Allah (swt) never in the Qur’an states that the majority believed or that the majority are grateful. The opposite is true. The believers are few. The grateful are few. May each and everyone of us die as grateful believers. In a state of Islam.

May Allah (swt) Forgive the Ummah.

May Allah (swt) Guide the Ummah.

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Ramadan Day 24

“The Night of Glory is better than a thousand months.” (Qur’an 97:3)

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Ramadan Day 24: Getting distracted by shopping for Post-Ramadan to pull you from Laylat Ul Qadr

24th of Ramadan
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*Heart Illness: Anger*
Anger is from the things that corrupt the heart and the soul, it pushes the person out of the circle of balance and mildness.

Anger in its natural form is good, like the anger when seeing evil, or seeing the sanctities being violated.

When The Blessed Prophet (saw) was asked for advice he said: (do not get angry).

Narrated Abu Huraira:

A man said to the Prophet (saw) , “Advise me! “The Prophet (saw) said, “Do not become angry.” The man asked (the same) again and again, and the Prophet (saw) said in each case, “Do not become angry.”

Source: (https://sunnah.com/bukhari:6116)

If someone gets angry, then Islam gave some solutions to this problem, the most important steps are:
To think about the rewards of holding back anger, Allah says:

“Be gracious, enjoin what is right, and turn away from those who act ignorantly.” (Qur’an 7:199)

To mention the name of Allah so that no evil comes out of him, which would cause the anger of Allah

To seek refuge from the devil when he gets angry, and it’s preferred to sit if he was standing, and to lay down if he was sitting, after that to perform Wudu’ if that doesn’t help.

*The Amulet of the Religion*
The amulet here is the protection or the cause of safety.

It’s by allying with the righteous(walayah), dissociating the sinners(Bara’ah) and to remain ambivalent from those you are unsure of (Wuquf).

This is the protection by strengthening the links between the righteous, by advising each other and helping each other, so Walayah is like a spiritual bond between believers, until the believer dislikes for his brother what his dislikes for himself, and to have his best interest like he wants his best interest, and that is why the prominent feature of believers in Walayah is enjoining good and forbidding evil, as Allah said:

“The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and establish prayer and give zakāh and obey Allāh and His Messenger. Those – Allāh will have mercy upon them. Indeed, Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.” (Qur’an 9:71)

The way this protection works is:
For the believers: They find a safe zone to return to. A place of comfort where they are helped to do good and discouraged from doing evil. They are assisted in the matters of this life and the hereafter.
For the sinners: They feel like an outcast in the believers community and that the earth has closed in on them. So they would have to either have some self accountability and return to the truth or they would have to find a more fitting environment for them, and in both cases the community would be safe from their evil.

To learn more about Walayah & Bara’ah (a very important teaching in Islam) kindly see the following:

*Prayer Invalidation*
There are some things -you should- that invalidate the prayer.

They are either related to the psychological state: or related to actions.

Psychological state:
Apostasy
If the intention is cut or changed
Hypocrisy
Loss of mind
Intentionally thinking of things outside the prayer

In relation to actions like:
To leave a pillar of the prayer
To repeat a pillar
Playing around, eating or drinking
Talking

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

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Neither Shi‘a nor Sunni: An Interview with a Mozabite -Anthony T. Fiscella

“My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.” (Qur’an 20:114)

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This was a short interview between the writer Anthony T. Fiscella and a friend from our brothers in the Mzab community of Algeria. (May Allah keep them steadfast and support them). Most notable was the semi-autonomy granted to the community and their self governing principles. Located in the Wilaya of Ghardaïa

Most of the brothers here are of Amazigh or Free-Men origins. 

Although most of the brothers in the region read and write Arabic, they speak the Zenata dialect of the Berber language, for which there is no written form.

Despite political changes in Algeria over the years, the community continues to peacefully resist interference in the affairs of their community and strive to preserve their unique religious and cultural identity.

They have a reputation of being honest and astute businessmen. They also continue to be productive farmers in the M’zab Valley, supplying the fresh produce needs for their own communities and for marketing elsewhere.

The beautiful M’zab Valley of Algeria was given UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 1982, as a superb example of a traditional human habitat that has been adapted to the environment. This is confirmation that although values in the rest.

In Ghardaïa, is said that there are no beggars and that no thieves exist. The people of this society is very tightly knit with such activities from business to studies and marriage all done through the community. They cling to the unique clothing, language, architecture, and lifestyle.

Wherever they are, They always have one foot in Ghardaïa. Whatever their social situation, they never sever their roots and actively contribute to the life of the community.

Ghardaïa was founded over 1,000 years ago to provide shelter for their community after the fall of the the Ibadi Rustamid state. The village, 500 kilometres south of Algiers, was founded in the middle of a rocky desert. Other towns from the era existing to this day include El Atteuf, Melika, Bounoura, and Beni Izguène.

It is said that their insular nature has preserved the area, and the Ibāḍī Σezzaba continue to dominate the social life of the area. A federal council, Majlis Ammi Said, unites representatives of the seven settlements as well as Ouargla, an ancient town located 200 km South-East of the Mzab valley. This council forms a federative body for religious, social and, increasingly, cultural matters. This religious federal council represents an “Islamic type of government” unique today.

Numerous details of Ibāḍiyya social life are ruled by this Islamic government, such as the weight of gold given as a dowry to a woman (maximum 60 grams) to the length of wedding celebrations (three days). The council makes decisions on details such as dowries, celebrations, dress. It used to impose punishments including exile, and a form of tabriyya “quarantine”, where the offender may not interact with his fellow citizens. I would imagine this is a time of dissociation or bara’ until the offender has repented and amended his/her ways.

May Allah (swt) continue to bless them. May Allah (swt) preserve them! May Allah (swt) bring stability and peace to Algeria. May they continue to be the light in the region for the good people of Algeria. Amin!

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

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The Ibāḍī Traders of Bilād al-Sūdān -Jason van Riel

“O believers! Do not devour one another’s wealth illegally, but rather trade by mutual consent” (Qur’an 4:29)

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It has been narrated by Sa’d b. Abu Waqqas that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said:

The people of (Al Gharb) the West will continue to triumphantly follow the truth until the Hour is established.

Source: (https://sunnah.com/muslim:1925)

This remains true as the people M’zab valley Algeria, Nafusa Mountains in Libya, Djerba Tunisia, have remained steadfast upon the Haqq. As well as the revival of the Qur’an and Sunnah via the Ibadi school among the Hausa, Tuareg, and Fulani peoples. Al hamdulillah!

It is hard to imagine how this paper granted Jason Van Riel a Master’s thesis. I have said it before and I will say it again. Universities are basically just handing credentials to people.

I can’t imagine writing about another people’s history, culture and religion and writing with the type of smug dismissiveness and pretention that Orientalist and others often write with.

It is simply gross.

1st Jason van Riel rides on the tired coattails of the Ibadis being Khawarij and worse yet, a sect from among the Khawarij; and even bigger blunder rest assured.

We can see this in his thesis where he states:

He asserts:
“Ibāḍī Islam has its origins in the Khārijite sect that came into existence during the first fitna (37/657), the civil war…”

“although the Ibāḍīs were not Azraki they were still a Khārijite sub sect.”

“To ensure that Ibāḍī traders were not restricted in and around Sijilmasa, to the commercial and financial advantage of both the Rustamids and Midrārirds, the two ruling houses frequently intermarried with each other, even though they were of rival Khārijite sects.”

Calling groups of Muslims by the pejorative labels used by their opponents is anything but academic.

https://primaquran.com/2023/02/18/the-differences-between-ibadis-and-khawarij/

To support my position on why I believe universities almost feel obligated to confer credentials upon people because they paid their course fees will be readily seen. How on Earth does one read a paper like Jason Van Riel and not wonder what basis are his smug and dismissive comments made?

Here just some samples:

“Although it must be noted that only the Ibāḍī doctrine of “all-Muslim equality regardless of social or ethnic origin” was what the Berbers cared for, they had very little interest in any of the other aspects of Ibāḍīsm and Khārijism.”

For example if I am reading his paper I would press him. Van Riel on what basis did you draw this conclusion?

“The control and maintenance of these trade routes was an important source of income for these Berber tribes, either through the levying of tolls or through the blackmail of merchants travelling the roads under their control.”

Again you have to wonder where Van Riel has basis for this. Why would you need to blackmail travelers via trade routes that are mutually beneficial for all involved?

Does it not occur that if trade routes are the subject of blackmail they become troublesome?

“And even though the Arab chroniclers would want to have the their readers believe that the local rulers of Bilād al-Sūdān were Muslim (and converted in a most spectacular fashion) they were in most cases Muslim in name only.”

This is the type of comment that a non serious person would make. This is where if I were grading Van Riel’s paper I would ask him why does he need to muse on the intentions and sincerity of people’s conversion to Islam? If he said it was perhaps possible that some were not sincere that maybe possible.

However, to assert : “They were in most cases Muslim in name only.” It is really hard to see this as unacademic disdain.

However it is perfectly fine for orientalist and so called historians to “fill in the blanks” so to speak.

We read:

“One of the main concerns that this thesis faces is a lack of available sources, and this will be
explained – along with an elaboration of the available sources – in the next section. In my
opinion it is important for scholars to be creative when they face a lack of sources, as this does not entail that historical events did not occur
. In combination with this I also strongly believe in Karl Popper’s criterion of falsifiability whereby “only if I can say how my theory might be refuted, or falsified, can I claim that my theory has the character of an empirical theory.”

This is very cringe.

Then Van Riel also states:

“Even if these sources can be located, the families owning them are wary of outsiders digging through their, sometimes centuries old, papers for fear of “secrets” being divulged.

He doesn’t care to elaborate what these “secrets” might be. Just another off the cuff comment that strikes one as truly bizarre. In fact, this would have been a perfect opportunity for Van Riel to make another smug remark about other cultures by saying something along the lines of:

“Given the poverty that many people face in these countries, historians should seize the opportunity as locals would only be too willing to hand over parchments for a paltry sum!”

Surprised he didn’t!

Van Riel states:

The main problem with Lewicki’s work is that his articles tend to focus on a single category and, more importantly, Lewicki is considered to have approached Ibāḍī documents uncritically. Or as E. Savage puts it: “Curiously, Lewicki never takes up the theme of the historiographic context of his Ibāḍī sources but appears to have accepted them a priori as historical.”

Huh?! The treachery of it all! Imagine! Allowing a people to present their own history and narrative!

The orientalist must always approach and other the ‘other’ as being dishonest, having a motive and or an agenda. Did it not occur to Van Riel that even Ibadi opponents acknowledge our honesty and transparency.

Kitman is one thing when needed. Yet, lying is a major sin. We do not play with fire!

So that is my critique. I did find the thesis informative over all.

These are some notable bits of information.

“Even though Ibāḍī merchants were not the first Muslims to reach Bilād al-Sūdān, they did end up staying to ensure that the trans-Saharan trade became a constant source of gold and slaves for the north and salt and other general trade goods for the south.”

“It is generally believed that in pre-Almoravid times the majority of Muslim merchants in Bilād al-Sūdān, those who originated from the Maghreb, were Ibāḍī.”

According to Professor T. Lewicki’s research the Ibāḍī merchant-shayks where very active missionaries who tried to convert the pagan populace in Bilād al-Sūdān to Ibāḍīsm. And Lewicki continues by stating that these Ibāḍī merchant-shayks represented “the only form of Islam in West Africa, until the Almoravids brought their Sunni-Islam.”

The reason why it is generally accepted that the kings of Ghana were converted to Ibāḍī Islam was because of the combination of Ibāḍī architecture used for the Grand Mosque of Gao, the capital of Ghana, and because of the historically close ties between Gao and Tahert, since the 2nd/8th century, that still existed when the kings of Ghana converted to Islam.”

After the rulers of Ghana were defeated by the Almoravids and forced to convert to Sunni Islam (Malikite Islam), halfway through the 5th/11th century, Tādmekka became one of the many towns in the western part of Bilād al-Sūdān that was cleansed of all Ibāḍī influences

Because many prominent Ibāḍī ‘ulamā’ had left Basra for either Oman or the Maghreb, its Ibāḍī community went through a period of intellectual decline which ultimately meant that it lost its position as the most important center of theology and jurisprudence in the Ibāḍī world.”

“It was not long before Ibāḍī merchants could be found all the way from the Maghreb to India, and it is even alleged that Ibāḍī merchants were amongst the first to set up business ventures in China.”

You may be interested in reading the following:

https://primaquran.com/2024/10/19/the-question-of-slavery-milk-al-yamin-in-islam/

https://primaquran.com/2024/02/27/the-omani-empire/

May Allah (swt) Guide the Ummah.

May Allah (swt) Forgive the Ummah.

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The Omani Empire

“My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.” (Qur’an 20:14)

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This entry is to share a brief over view about the territory that was once under the Omani Empire and which countries they would be considered part of today.

Also is an interesting bit of information about the the three longest lasting Muslim empires/dynasties.

The Omani Empire extended over part of what is today Iran-Bandar Abbas, U.A.E, Pakistan -Balochistan, Yemen, Comoros , Saudi Arabia-pecifically the region of Al-Hasa (or Al-Ahsa Oasis, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique. Madagascar, Djibouti,

Which are the top 3 longest lasting Muslim empires/dynasties in terms of longevity & stability?

1. 1299-1922 Ottoman/Sunni/Hanafi = 623 years

2. 750-1258 Abbasid/Sunni/Hanafi = 508 years

3. 1154-1624 Nabhani/Ibadi = 470 years

We would like to add here a brief yet very insightful and helpful message. This additional information is accredited to ‘The servant of Allah’ and surely his reward is with his Lord. May Allah (swt) bless him!

A small comment about Omani history

1- The map of the Omani empire that you see here which is supposedly at the time of the Sultan Saeed Bin Sultan…but how accurate is it? Because we know that The Sultan ruled parts of the East African coast as he even lived there. However, did he rule all the colored land? The answer is definitely no. He had different degrees of influence in different areas, but in east Africa, he mostly ruled Zanzibar and its surroundings, like Mumbasa, Dar Al-Salam and Pempa. As for Iran, Oman actually didn’t rule the south coast, rather there was an agreement that Oman basically rented the port of Bandar Abbas, (which is still impressive) However, not as impressive as the map shows it to be.We also don’t think there was Omani sovereignty in Madagascar, Nor in Somalia just influence in trade. Yet, there was some control of trade routes to the African interior.

We should say that after the Imam Ahmed Bin Saeed, Oman was ruled by a monarchy all the way to this present day. Even though yes the rulers where Ibadi, they didn’t rule in the Ibadi way. This is especially true after the British colonized Oman, as they fought against the idea of an Islamic Ibadi state in the interior. Similarly for the Nabhani state, they were just a monarchy. Oman wasn’t even stable or flourishing, it was in chaos and it wasn’t really Islamic at all. They were in constant rivalry with Imams, like Imam Mohammed Bin Isma’il Al-Haderi, which was able to establish an Imamate that ended the first Nabhani era in the year 1500 AD / 906 AH then after his death the second Nabhani era began(1556 AD/964 AH), which then lasted for less than 100 years until the Portuguese invasion.

So what’s our point here?

1- Omani doesn’t equal Ibadi

2- History is not as simple as it looks

3- Ibadis could have done more in the past

4- If we want to be proud, we should look at the Omani Imams like:(Al-Julanda Bin Mas’ood, Al-Salt Bin Malik, Naser Bin Murshid, Mohammed Bin Abdullah Al-Khalil and All the others Imams that carried the Banner of Islam and Ibadism in the proper way).

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

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What about all those hadith that promise a Muslim paradise based upon testimony alone?

And of no effect is the repentance of those who continue to do evil deeds until death faces one of them and he says: ‘Now I repent;’ NOR of those who die while they are ungrateful disbelievers. For them We have prepared a painful torment” (Qur’an 4:17-18)

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What about all those hadiths that say if you do this or that you will be GUARANTEED PARADISE?

So for example there are a great many hadith that say that if a person does this act or says this statement they will be guaranteed paradise.

Examples:

It is narrated on the authority of ‘Uthman that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said. He who died knowing (fully well) that there is no god but Allah entered Paradise.

Source: (https://sunnah.com/muslim:26a)

Narrated Mu’adh bin Jabal :

The Messenger of Allah (saw) as saying: If anyone’s last words are “There is no god but Allah” he will enter Paradise.

Source: (https://sunnah.com/abudawud:3116)

Abu Huraira reported:

The Prophet, (saw) said, “Whoever recites ten times, ‘Say: He is Allah, the One,’ a palace will be built for him in Paradise. Whoever recites it twenty times, two palaces will be built for him. Whoever recites it three times, three palaces will be built for him.

Source: (al-Mu’jam al-Awsaṭ lil-Ṭabarānī 281) (https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2016/02/23/surah-al-ikhlaas-10-jannah/)

Abu Umamah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever recites the ‘verse of the Throne’ after every prescribed prayer, there will be nothing standing between him and entry into Paradise but his death.”

Source: (al-Mu’jam al-Awsaṭ lil-Ṭabarānī 8068)

(https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2012/08/27/ayat-al-kursi-after-salat/)

Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet (saw) said:

“Indeed, Allah has ninety-nine Names, whoever counts them shall enter Paradise.”

Source: (https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3508)

The first response to the above hadith is that they have to be all taken into account with many other hadith. Because the singular narrations (ahad) put a few strokes on the canvas they do not paint the whole picture.

Hadith that do not guarantee Muslims paradise.

Narrated Abu Huraira:

Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “All my followers will enter Paradise except those who refuse.” They said, “O Allah’s Messenger (saw)! Who will refuse?” He said, “Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me is the one who refuses (to enter it).”

Source: (https://sunnah.com/bukhari:7280)

Hudhaifah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said:

“A backbiter will not enter Paradise.” Agreed upon.

Source: (https://sunnah.com/bulugh/16/69)

It was narrated from Abu Darda’ that the Prophet (saw) said:

No one who is addicted to wine will enter Paradise.”

Source: (https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah:3376)

Narrated Jubair bin Mut`im:

That he heard the Prophet (saw) saying, “The person who severs the bond of kinship will not enter Paradise.”

Source: (https://sunnah.com/bukhari:5984)

How to reconcile these contradictory hadith? A simple solution and one that even Sunni schools of theology are forced to acknowledge.

All of those ahadith that guarantee paradise for a Muslim based upon this action or this statement have to be taken into context with all those hadith that says if a Muslim does this or that they will not enter paradise. Those hadith about the guarantee for paradise is for a Muslim who stays the course, who practices their Islam who is diligent in all matters of their faith.

Otherwise we run into the following logical problems. Examples:

Question: What happens if that person was to miss the verse of the throne recitation even after just one prayer?

Would they now not be guaranteed paradise?

The Prophet, (saw) said, “Whoever recites ten times, ‘Say: He is Allah, the One,’ a palace will be built for him in Paradise. Whoever recites it twenty times, two palaces will be built for him. Whoever recites it three times, three palaces will be built for him.

Question: What happens if I recite surah ikhlas ten times today 7/7/2024 but decide to stop praying, fasting paying zakat?

Am I guaranteed paradise then?

Also what happens if I recite surah ikhlas ten times and then I become a backbiter and I break the ties of kinship?

So it is not logical that one statement or one action is going to get a person into paradise. Especially when all the ahadith are taken as a whole.

What happens to the one leaves Islam completely?

Do their deeds, and statements of creed effect their salvation?

Do the murtad become the people of paradise?

There is no verse in the Qur’an that says Kafir will enter paradise! None!

There is no verse in the Qur’an that states you can sin and continue sinning without repentance without restitution and you will enter paradise! None.

“Allah accepts only the repentance of those who do evil in ignorance and foolishness and repent SOON afterwards; it is THEY WHOM Allah will forgive and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.

And of no effect is the repentance of those who continue to do evil deeds until death faces one of them and he says: ‘Now I repent;’ NOR of those who die while they are disbelievers. For them We have prepared a painful torment” (Qur’an 4:17-18)

Truly, Allah loves THOSE who turn unto Him in repentance and loves those who purify themselves” (Qur’an 2:222)

“But whosoever repents AFTER his crime and does righteous good deeds (by obeying Allah), then verily, Allah will pardon him (accept his repentance). Verily, Allah is Oft Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Qur’an 5:39)

“O you who believe! Turn to Allah with sincere repentance! It may be that your Lord will expiate from you your sins, and admit you into Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise)” (Qur’an 66:8)

“Say to those who have disbelieved, if they cease (from disbelief), their past will be forgiven” (Qur’an 8:38)

“Your Lord has written (prescribed) Mercy for Himself, so that if any of you does evil in ignorance, and thereafter repents and does righteous good deeds (by obeying Allah), then surely, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful” (Qur’an 6:54)

Allah wishes to accept your repentance, but those who follow their lusts, wish that you (believers) should deviate tremendously away (from the Right Path).”  (Qur’an 4:27)

“Say: Oh my slaves who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah, verily, Allah forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful” (Qur’an 39:53)

“And whoever does evil or wrongs himself but afterwards seeks Allah’s forgiveness, he will find Allah Oft Forgiving, Most Merciful” (Qur’an 4:110)

Islam is salvation through repentance. Islam is NOT salvation simply because I am Muslim.

All of those verses explicitly tell us as Muslims that we have an incredibly Merciful, Compassionate, Loving and Forgiving Creator. The verse even says that Allah wishes to accept your repentance. It doesn’t get more clear than this!

Yet, if we do not care about our own selves, and our own salvation, if we do not even have a modicum of decency and awareness to turn towards Allah (swt) and repent for our sins. Make restitution, reform our conduct, than we have absolutely no one to blame if we end up in hellfire forever.

The point we can make is that even if all such hadith are 100% correct, chains hold up etc. It shows the extent of Allah’s mercy. His readiness to accept us into paradise. 

Yet as mentioned they need to be interpreted in light of all such hadith that say the polar opposite. 

A logical problem if one takes those hadith in isolation.

Also, logic as mentioned I say Shahahada with sincerity guarantees me paradise but then I decide not to practice the deen? 

Surely they see it as problematic. 

If one takes those hadith that promise a person paradise in isolation without considering all the other hadith evidence that clearly state if one does such and such as well as the clear text of the Qur’an we will end up with serous logical contradictions.

Likewise, this is an issue of morals and ethics.

Has Islam really come to teach that a person can take the declaration of fast and afterwards not pray, not fast, not purify our wealth, and that one can lie, cheat, steal, commit fornication and adultery and will be among the people of paradise?

We are to do our level best to control our based desires, restrain our tongues and hands from harm. We are NOT to be the very devils Allah tells us to seek refuge from.

So it is very clear that Sunni Muslims have to agree with us on these points. They are crystal clear. That the kafir does not enter paradise.

We are upon the model of Adam (alayi salam) One who sinned and repented and was forgiven.

To sin and to never seek forgiveness. What is that except the model of Iblis.

Choose wisely dear truth seekers.

The only difference that now remains between us is as follows:

Our school states that no disbeliever enters into the paradise and no believer enters into the hellfire. Such a belief about the believer entering into hellfire has no basis in the primary source of Islam, the Qur’an.

So the differences are:

Do some believers go to hell for a while (as Sunni schools claim).

Or.

Do believers all go to paradise without any sojourn in hell (as the Ibadi school claims).

Does Allah replace some Jews and Christians (destined to paradise) and swap them for (Muslims destined to hell) as some Sunni claim?

Does Allah grant polytheist salvation (as the case of Ibrahim’s father) and place in his stead a goat or sheep?

https://primaquran.com/2023/02/24/do-sunni-muslims-believe-animals-can-go-to-hell/

Forget what this one claims or that one claims.

https://primaquran.com/2023/02/16/a-huge-misunderstanding-among-muslims/

What does Allah (swt) say in the Qur’an?

May Allah Forgive the Ummah.

May Allah Guide the Ummah.

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According to the principles of the Qur’an smoking is Haram.

“He commands them to do good and forbids them from evil, permits for them what is lawful and forbids to them what is impure, and relieves them from their burdens and the shackles that bound them. ˹Only˺ those who believe in him, honour and support him, and follow the light sent down to him will be successful.” (Qur’an 7:157)

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This blessed school was foremost among the Muslims to take firm action on this poison. When the Islamic nation was gripped by its evil and many people around the world are still gripped by this evil our scholars by Allah’s grace and due to their penetrating insights were swift to condemn it.

There are even those who call themselves Muslims (Allah knows best their reality) that will even sell this poison in their hotels. With out a thought or a care about how it will negatively impact others.

You may be surprised to find among your colleagues those who consider themselves people of reason and intellectual rigour and suddenly overcome by their nafs.

The same people you may find them well kempt and well dressed. They like to project an image. Image is important they say. Fair enough, yet you walk around with a cancer stick in your mouth!

“but Satan made their deeds attractive to them.” (Qur’an 16:63)

If anyone enquires about why you do not smoke cigarettes ask them if the CEO of the cigarette company smokes? If not then why not.

His Eminence, Shaykh Masoud Al Miqbali laying out evidence after evidence from the Qur’an.

“He commands them to do good and forbids them from evil, permits for them what is lawful and forbids to them what is impure, and relieves them from their burdens and the shackles that bound them. ˹Only˺ those who believe in him, honour and support him, and follow the light sent down to him will be successful.” (Qur’an 7:157)

“Give to close relatives their due, as well as the poor and ˹needy˺ travellers. And do not spend wastefully. Surely the wasteful are ˹like˺ brothers to the devils. And the Devil is ever ungrateful to his Lord.” (Qur’an 17: 26-27)

And those who unjustifiably harm believing men and women will bear the guilt of slander and clear wrongdoing.” (Qur’an 33:58)

Can it said that cigarette smoking, is justifiable when the second hand smoke is extremely harmful to children and others around them?

Did you not see those who have exchanged Allah’s favour with ingratitude to Him, causing their people to be cast in the abode of utter perdition.” (Qur’an 14:28)

Allah (swt) has granted you good health and good condition and you wish to exchange that for what will bring you great harm.

And do not kill yourselves. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful.” (Qur’an 4:29)

“Spend in the Way of Allah and do not cast yourselves into destruction with your own hands.” (Qur’an 2:195)

Be ever mindful of our enemy, Satan! There are those who will continue to smoke shisha or smoke cigarettes…” it is the same whether you warn them or not—they will never believe.(Qur’an 2:6)

“but Satan made their deeds attractive to them.” (Qur’an 16:63)

BE WARNED THE FOLLOWING VIDEO IS GRAPHIC.

Brothers and sisters please do give up this habit. It is filthy and vile. Do save money and save your life.

Oh youth of the world. They fool us with a concept called: “Cool”. That is the image they present.

But the reality of high blood pressure, chemotherapy, cancer. The personal cost to you and your family.

Please encouraged your friends, family and dear ones to give this up!

“While if any saves a life it is as if he saves the lives of all mankind.” (Qur’an 5:32)

May Allah guide the Ummah!

May Allah forgive the Ummah!

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